Modifying surfaces by shooting particles at them - this technique, called 'sputtering', is indispensable in surface science. However, if the surface is not perfectly smooth and regular, it is hard to ...

Researchers at University of Tsukuba have developed a technology for real-time estimation of the valence state and growth rate of iron oxide thin films during their formation. This novel technology ...

Thin films play a crucial role in the fabrication of several components and devices, such as protective coatings, integrated circuits, solar cells, and optical ...

In a significant advancement in the field of surface engineering, Hiden Analytical is thrilled to introduce the High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) technique – a cutting-edge method ...

Many applications use a manufacturing process known as thin-film sputtering deposition. The typical sputtering process uses an ion beam to impact the surface of a sputter material such as gold, silver ...

A small team of planetary scientists, astrophysicists and space flight researchers affiliated with several institutions in the U.S. and one in France has made the first direct detection of atmospheric ...

We are at a critical time and supporting climate journalism is more important than ever. Science News and our parent organization, the Society for Science, need your help to strengthen environmental ...

We are at a critical time and supporting science journalism is more important than ever. Science News and our parent organization, the Society for Science, need your help to strengthen scientific ...