For most women, the body begins to change dramatically in their 40s or 50s. This transition, known as menopause, is defined ...

A new article in Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology examines how the immune system and reproduction interact in female mammals, especially during pregnancy, from mating to birth. Lauren E.

Medically reviewed by Andrea L. Braden, MD Key Takeaways The female reproductive system includes organs that produce hormones ...

Successful reproduction presents a fundamental evolutionary paradox: the immune system must tolerate genetically foreign sperm and embryos while maintaining ...