Single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) has emerged as a powerful approach to probe the mechanics, kinetics and energetics of individual biomolecules as they undergo folding, binding and chemical ...

When atoms and electrons are confined to an atomically flat plane, 2D materials take on distinct properties, such as exceptional strength and conductivity, not seen in their 3D counterparts. These ...

Polymers are used in many industries, including food packaging, tire manufacturing, adhesives, and medical-grade plastics. Photothermal atomic force microscope-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) ...

Polymers are crucial across multiple sectors, including food packaging, tire fabrication, adhesives, and medical‑grade plastics. Photothermal atomic force microscope‑based infrared spectroscopy ...